{"id":92442,"date":"2017-12-03T13:17:18","date_gmt":"2017-12-03T12:17:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/?p=92442"},"modified":"2017-12-03T13:17:18","modified_gmt":"2017-12-03T12:17:18","slug":"civil-war-barcelona","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/civil-war-barcelona\/","title":{"rendered":"Rests of the Spanish Civil War in Barcelona"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>From the 17th of July 1936\u00a0to the 1st of April 1939, Spain was engulfed in a bitter\u00a0<strong>Civil War<\/strong> that affected every region in the country. The battle continued on even after the Nationalists and General Francisco Franco won, imposing his will on Catalonia and squashing dissent in bloody form. Even though Spain is a democratic nation again today, the ruins of the <strong>Civil War<\/strong>\u00a0still stand in the surviving barracks and graves of Catalonia&#8217;s heroes. Here are a few of these resting places and remains of the conflict you can find in Barcelona today.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Related article:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/secrets-in-barcelona\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Things you probably never noticed in Barcelona<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_17 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-grey\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class=\"ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1\"><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/civil-war-barcelona\/#Bunkers_of_the_Ginardo\" title=\"Bunkers of the Ginardo\">Bunkers of the Ginardo<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/civil-war-barcelona\/#Air_rade_shelters\" title=\"Air rade shelters\">Air rade shelters<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/civil-war-barcelona\/#Tomb_of_Jose_Buenaventura_Durruti\" title=\"Tomb of Jose Buenaventura\u00a0Durruti\">Tomb of Jose Buenaventura\u00a0Durruti<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2\"><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/civil-war-barcelona\/#Fossar_de_la_Pedrera\" title=\"Fossar de la Pedrera\">Fossar de la Pedrera<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bunkers_of_the_Ginardo\"><\/span>Bunkers of the Ginardo<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_92457\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-92457\" class=\"wp-image-92457 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/8050157676_3c907fe612_c-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-92457\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo by Unaitxi via Visualhunt<\/p><\/div>\n<p>At the top of the <strong>Tur\u00f3 de la Rovira<\/strong> hill in <strong>El Carmel<\/strong>,\u00a0 the surviving underground military <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/ajuntament.barcelona.cat\/museuhistoria\/en\/muhba-turo-de-la-rovira\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Bunkers of the Guinardo<\/a><\/strong> still give visitors a great view of the city. Their origins, however, were not for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/less-touristic-spots\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tourist<\/a> purposes, but for the ruling Republican government in the <strong>Civil War<\/strong> to shoot out any air attacks from the Nationalists led by General\u00a0Franco. Following Franco&#8217;s win and the purge of all Republican sympathizers in the area, many people were forced into poverty and became <strong>refugees<\/strong> in their own land, seeking out the <strong>bunkers<\/strong> as a safe place to hide. By the late 50s and early 60s, a few thousand were sleeping in and around the hill and its bunkers.That changed when the city, preparing for the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/beautiful-games-92-olympiad\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Olympics in 1992<\/a>, gave all of the squatters housing in proper areas and the hill was left abandoned. Only in 2011 did the area catch the attention of historians when the barracks were restored and reopened to tourists, giving people a 360-degree view of Barcelona below. The viewpoint today includes a visual guide to the <strong>history<\/strong> during and after the conflict and excavations of all the bunkers.<\/p>\n<p>Address:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.es\/maps\/place\/MUHBA+Tur%C3%B3+de+la+Rovira\/@41.4194462,2.1619142,15z\/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0x1541b95a02b24869?sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwiYiKyGxOPXAhWFiRoKHYXUD2sQ_BIIgwEwCg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Mari\u00e0 Lab\u00e8rnia s\/n 08032\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Air_rade_shelters\"><\/span>Air rade shelters<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_92463\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-92463\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-92463\" src=\"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/4884869033_5968bac621_c-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-92463\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo by Arrels Fundaci\u00f3 via Visualhunt<\/p><\/div>\n<p>One of the surviving air rade shelters you can still see today is\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/ajuntament.barcelona.cat\/museuhistoria\/ca\/muhba-refugi-307\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Refuge 307<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>in the <strong>Poble Sec<\/strong>\u00a0neighborhood at the bottom of\u00a0<strong>Montj\u00fcic<\/strong> mountain. It filled up to 2000 people, had three entrances, a 200-meter long tunnel, and multiple rooms including toilets and a natural water fountain.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Plaza del Diamante<\/strong>,<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>meanwhile, was a small shelter\u00a0with only room for 200 people that stood 12 meters underground. It&#8217;s located in the heart of\u00a0<strong>Gracia<\/strong> in a discreet location that requires reservations ahead of time.<\/p>\n<p>Addresses: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.es\/maps\/place\/Carrer+Nou+de+la+Rambla,+175,+08004+Barcelona\/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x12a4a25d25699b43:0x92c11f2406824c00?sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwjQoM2jxOPXAhXBtxoKHRdFBnQQ8gEIJzAA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">c\/Nou de la Rambla, 175 08004<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.es\/maps?q=Plaza+del+Diamant,+232+barcelona&amp;um=1&amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwjn5aOxxOPXAhVGOxoKHYucC3MQ_AUICigB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Plaza del Diamant, 232<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tomb_of_Jose_Buenaventura_Durruti\"><\/span>Tomb of Jose Buenaventura\u00a0Durruti<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_92458\" style=\"width: 235px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-92458\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-92458\" src=\"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/2903287840_70f55a5840_z-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-92458\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo by neverending september via Visualhunt<\/p><\/div>\n<p>In\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/montjuic-cemetery\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Montju\u00efc Cemetery<\/a>,\u00a0<\/strong>along with the likes of artist Joan Mir\u00f3, Catalan leader Llu\u00eds Companys, and former <strong>Olympic Committee<\/strong> head Juan Antonio Samaranch, lies the resting place of\u00a0<strong>Jos\u00e9 Buenaventura Durruti<\/strong>. Durruti\u00a0was an <strong>anarchist<\/strong> who played a massive role in the <strong>Anarchist<\/strong> movement in Barcelona in the years before the <strong>Civil War<\/strong>. He worked with both the militant\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/federacionanarquistaiberica.wordpress.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Federaci\u00f3n Anarquista Ib\u00e9rica<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>and the labor union\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cnt.es\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Confederaci\u00f3n Nacional del Trabajo<\/a><\/strong>.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>On the 19th of November 1936, while in Madrid three months into the <strong>Civil War<\/strong>, he was wounded in an attack by the Nationalists and died the following day. His funeral was attended by over a half million people and his grave remains one of the most visited in the country, particularly among supporters of <strong>anarchism<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Address:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.es\/maps\/place\/Carrer+de+la+Mare+de+D%C3%A9u+de+Port,+56,+08038+Barcelona\/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x12a4a2093c996d23:0x16fd17b76884f9b7?sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwi0gunixOPXAhXGOhoKHSpDCnIQ8gEIJzAA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Carrer de la Mare de D\u00e9u de Port, 56 &#8211; 58, 08038<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fossar_de_la_Pedrera\"><\/span>Fossar de la Pedrera<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_92461\" style=\"width: 297px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-92461\" class=\" wp-image-92461\" src=\"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/22194037065_613d0b5c13_c-300x223.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"287\" height=\"213\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-92461\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo by Daniel Garc\u00eda Peris via Visualhunt<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The <strong>Cemetery of the Quarry<\/strong><em>,\u00a0<\/em>as it translates to in English,\u00a0was a\u00a0mass grave for 4,000 people killed in the\u00a0White Terror when the winning Franco regime killed off Republican supporters of all kinds from liberals and communists to Freemasons and non-Catholic Christians. It would remain unmarked until 1985 when a memorial was constructed in memory of those killed during Franco&#8217;s regime. Other memorials on site include a tribute to all victims of the Nazi regime, a bronze statue to those executed by Franco&#8217;s regime throughout Spain, and a memorial to anarchists killed in the <strong>Civil War<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Address:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.es\/maps\/place\/Carrer+de+la+Mare+de+D%C3%A9u+de+Port,+56,+08038+Barcelona\/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x12a4a2093c996d23:0x16fd17b76884f9b7?sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwjyhqH_xOPXAhUC5xoKHWFJAHIQ8gEIJzAA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Carrer de la Mare de D\u00e9u de Port, 56-66, 08038<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Related article:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/muhba\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MUHBA: Museu d&#8217;Historia de Barcelona<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>During and after the <strong>Spanish Civil War<\/strong>, an estimated 610,000 people were killed and another 400,000 became <strong>refugees<\/strong> fleeing to France and other nations to avoid falling under the iron grip of Franco&#8217;s dictatorship. Several decades later, every region of the country still recognizes the impact of the war through memorials and historical sites.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>In<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Catalonia, Civil War <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/catalonias-history-museum\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>history<\/strong><\/a> can be found at these memorials today, a living testament to what the city of Barcelona endured.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Looking for an apartment in the city? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>ShBarcelona<\/strong><\/a> can help you find the perfect one.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: none;\"\n    class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-valign-bottom kksr-align-left \"\n    data-id=\"92442\"\n    data-slug=\"\">\n    <div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    <div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 25px; height: 25px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 25px; height: 25px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 25px; height: 25px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 25px; height: 25px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 25px; height: 25px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 150px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 25px; height: 25px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 25px; height: 25px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 25px; height: 25px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 25px; height: 25px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 25px; height: 25px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n    <div class=\"kksr-legend\">\n            <strong class=\"kksr-score\">5<\/strong>\n        <span class=\"kksr-muted\">\/<\/span>\n        <strong>5<\/strong>\n        <span class=\"kksr-muted\">(<\/span>\n        <strong class=\"kksr-count\">1<\/strong>\n        <span class=\"kksr-muted\">\n            vote        <\/span>\n        <span class=\"kksr-muted\">)<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>From the 17th of July 1936\u00a0to the 1st of April 1939, Spain was engulfed in a bitter\u00a0Civil War that affected every region in the country. The battle continued on even after the Nationalists and General Francisco Franco won, imposing his will on Catalonia and squashing dissent in bloody form. Even though Spain is a democratic [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":123,"featured_media":92467,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4346],"tags":[5167,8335,1930,8336,5350,8337,2925],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92442"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/123"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=92442"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92442\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":92469,"href":"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92442\/revisions\/92469"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/92467"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=92442"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=92442"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shbarcelona.com\/blog\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=92442"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}